SDGs in North and the Horn of Africa between Reality and Challenges

Introduction

The Covid-19 pandemic has had a major impact not only on the humanitarian and economic aspects, but also on the development plans adopted by undeveloped, economically-depleted countries, as well as its poor infrastructure. In Africa, the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic was undeniable. As to the development aspect, the impact of the pandemic on the countries of the Dark Continent was variable. Some countries came out of the pandemic with fixed indicators in the development goals set in 2019, and some other countries, especially the countries in the African continent, have been badly affected and the development goals set by their country weren’t achieved.

It is unfortunate that the regions of North Africa and the Horn of Africa are the most different in relation to their response to the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic. Therefore, in this report, we focus on the regions of North Africa and the Horn of Africa, by monitoring and analyzing the reality and challenges of the sustainable development goals, and discussing whether these countries are moving according to clear plans that enable them to achieve the desired results for 2030 vision? However, the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic has, in one way or another, affected almost all countries of the world. The countries in the North and Horn of Africa have characteristics that make them a good material for study and analysis, as there are many factors that impede the development of these countries and limit the impact of the efforts made to achieve it. Among these factors, terrorism, extremism, climate change, economic collapse, political instability, and scarcity of resources and capabilities. All of these factors encourage us to closely and periodically monitor the development efforts in those countries, and also make us wonder whether these countries are going to achieve their goals one day or will remain floundering and lose the way?