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SDGs in North and the Horn of Africa between Reality and Challenges

Introduction

The Covid-19 pandemic has had a major impact not only on the humanitarian and economic aspects, but also on the development plans adopted by undeveloped, economically-depleted countries, as well as its poor infrastructure. In Africa, the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic was undeniable. As to the development aspect, the impact of the pandemic on the countries of the Dark Continent was variable. Some countries came out of the pandemic with fixed indicators in the development goals set in 2019, and some other countries, especially the countries in the African continent, have been badly affected and the development goals set by their country weren’t achieved.

It is unfortunate that the regions of North Africa and the Horn of Africa are the most different in relation to their response to the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic. Therefore, in this report, we focus on the regions of North Africa and the Horn of Africa, by monitoring and analyzing the reality and challenges of the sustainable development goals, and discussing whether these countries are moving according to clear plans that enable them to achieve the desired results for 2030 vision? However, the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic has, in one way or another, affected almost all countries of the world. The countries in the North and Horn of Africa have characteristics that make them a good material for study and analysis, as there are many factors that impede the development of these countries and limit the impact of the efforts made to achieve it. Among these factors, terrorism, extremism, climate change, economic collapse, political instability, and scarcity of resources and capabilities. All of these factors encourage us to closely and periodically monitor the development efforts in those countries, and also make us wonder whether these countries are going to achieve their goals one day or will remain floundering and lose the way?

SDGs in North and the Horn of Africa between Reality and Challenges


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STRATEGIC PLAN 2018-2020

NGO MAJOR GROUP-AFRICA

  STRATEGIC PLAN 2018-2020

  1. CONTEXT TO THE STRATEGIC PLAN

1.1 History of the NGO Major Group for Africa

Engagement of Civil Society with the United Nations system has been ongoing for several years now. However the Commission on Sustainable Development strengthened this engagement when an agreement was reached by member states to establish civil society engagement under the Major Groups Clusters. This engagement was reaffirmed and expanded in the Rio+20 Outcome Document, with the Major Groups now including other stakeholder Groups such as Persons with Disability, the aged and Volunteer Groups.

The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, in line with Commitment a made in Rio, allowed a self organizing mechanism for the Major Groups with the support of DESA. The NGO Major Group[1], in line with this principle of self organizing, created Regional Organizing Partners engagement framework to represent regional issues while also acting as a shared leadership and learning platform for the NGO Major Group.

Africa requested the NGO Major Group membership to be allowed to elect sub-regional representations.

Between July 2017 and January 2018 a consultative process of nominations to the Africa NGO Major Group Representation was conducted, with both DESA and the Global NGO Major Group accepting to support the process. This done through an open call to all the over 800 accredited NGOs as well as all NGOs that had over the years expressed an interest or engaged with the Global NGO Major Groups. The call was also sent out to regional civil society networks across Africa. This led to the nomination and later an appointment of five Representatives to the Africa NGO Major Group, as well as the agreement to have the MENA Regional Representative and some NGOs with knowledge of the CSO engagement, observer status.

In March  2018, the  NGO Major Group for Africa met formally for the first time in Cairo, Egypt and agreed on a strategic framework as well as Governance and Institutional structures.

2.0 NGO MAJOR GROUP – AFRICA

2.1 VISION

In line with the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, Africa Union Agenda 2063 and aspirations of the citizens of Africa, the NGO Major Group for Africa seeks to see a vibrant Africa -rooted and actively engaged Civil Society, working collectively and in partnership with African Governments and other development partners for an inclusive and sustainably developed continent.

We see our role as that of catalysts, mobilizers and partners of the Africa peoples and governments. We also see ourselves as faithful representatives of the voice of citizenry, offering space and platforms for citizens’  voice to reach and influence United Nations Development Agenda at all levels. In this regard, while we acknowledge the role of the Sustainable Development Process, we see our citizens making impact across the entire United Nations systems, including, but not limited to Member States, Regional and other Intergovernmental blocs, United Nations Organs and its various General Assembly Committees, and the United Nations Agencies.

2.2 MISSION

We will seek to effectively mobilize, support and engage  Africa CSOs and its stakeholders to influence the Political and Development agendas of the AU and UN.

This vision and Mission is guided by the understanding that Africa is by far the most affected by decisions and processes at the United Nations. We are also the most in need of collaboration and partnerships, considering the vast number of issues facing the continent, the multiple UN actors on the continent as well as the presence of several facets of Civil Society.

3.0 CONTEXT TO THE STRATEGIC PILLARS AND OBJECTIVES

In developing the core focus areas for the NGO Major Group for Africa, it was acknowledged that Civil Society across Africa do not have multiple representations across various UN Departments and systems. The NGO Major Group for Africa will therefore play a larger role beyond engagement with the Sustainable Development Agenda. The UN General Assembly, for instance, has established seven committees including:

  • United Nation’s Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) a United Nations’ platform deliberates on sustainable development,
  • United Nation’s General Assembly committee on social, humanitarian affairs and human rights issues also called the 3rd Committee ,
  • United Nation’s High-level Political Forum on Sustainable Development (HLPF)
  • United Nation’s Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA)
  • United Nation’s Non-Governmental Liaison Service (UN-NGLS) , an inter-agency programme of the United Nations which is mandated to develop constructive relations between the UN and civil society organizations can engage with The Africa Major Group as the. All the work of NGOs falls under the 3rd committee out of the seven while the other 6 remain largely unknown.

Businesses  and Intergovernmental institutions  such as the World Bank also have a direct engagement space with the UN.

In order to be relevant and effectively serve Africa citizens, it is important that the NGO Major Groups engage in what is usually  considered non-NGO traditional spaces, which often has direct implications on Africa’s development agenda and governance architecture.

It is also important to note that the Agenda for Sustainable Development, as well as the Africa Union Agenda 2063, are anchored on other United Nations Agreements, including, but not limited to Financing for Development, Climate Agreements, as well as UN Treaties.

We also recognize the role of partnerships with other Major Groups and Stakeholders in advancing the collective agenda for Africa. We therefore seek to leverage on these partnerships to accomplish our strategic pillars.

  1. GOAL

To Contribute towards the advancement and empowerment of citizens and decision /policy makers to realize sustainable development in Africa.

4.1 Strategic Objectives:

To attain the overall strategic goal, this plan will aim to achieve the following strategic objectives:

  1. To build the institutional capacity of the NGO Major Group for Africa and its stakeholders.
  2. To strengthen Africa’s CSOs voice and capacity to influence the sustainable development agenda.
  3. To support and influence the AU and UN reform agendas for inclusive and sustainable development.
  4. To promote engagement and establish linkages between African CSOs and various stakeholders for sustainable development.

4.2 STRATEGIC PILLARS

The NGO Major Group- Africa will work under the following pillars:

[1] For Full Roles and  Responsibilities of the NGO Major Group, see agreed Terms ofn Reference in Annex 1

4.2.1 INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY AND STRENGTHENING

This pillar seeks to ensure that the NGO Major Group for Africa is fully functioning and widely visible. In order to realize this objective, the following activities will be undertaken.

  • Establish a Secretariat with support staff whose roles shall include:

– Help run the daily activities of the NGO Major Group for Africa;

-Provide support team for research, communication, fundraising etc;

-Host the NGO Major Group for Africa website;

  • Identify national representatives in each member country across Africa.
  • Develop a website, facebook for the NGO Major Group for Africa.
  • Develop the NGO Major Group for Africa communications strategy.

4.2.2  PROGRAMMING AND ADVOCACY

Promote engagement and reform linkage between SCs and its institutions for sustainable development. Among the activities to be carried out under this pillar are to:

  • Establish partnership among CSOs, AMG and local governments.
  • Promote research and innovations for sustainable development.
  • Promote reforms of AU and other UN agencies( long term goals)
  • Mobilizing CSOs and think tanks to influence policy positions on SD
  • undertake issue-specific researches.
  • undertake outreach and advocacy initiatives.
  • Conduct conferences and forums on specific development themes.
  • Identify national representatives in each member country across Africa.
  • Conduct capacity building workshops
  • Hold engagement meetings between CSOs and government and intergovernmental bodies

4.2.3 RESOURCING AND SUSTAINABILITY

  • Establish and implement a resource mobilization strategy which addresses the long term sustainability.
  • To develop and train human resource for African CSOs and AMG for sustainable development.
  • Support fundraising activities through partners with other organizations and network
  1. STAKEHOLDER ANALYSIS

Annex 1

  1. THE NGO MAJOR GROUP ROLE, FUNCTIONS, RESPONSIBILITIES

This strategic plan for the NGO Major Group for Africa is made within the premise of the role, functions and responsibilities of the NGO Major Group as outlined in the  Rio+20 Outcome document which states:

  1. Role

Referring to Agenda 21 establishing the nine Major Groups9, ECOSOC resolution E/1993/207 of 12 February 1993 establishing the Commission for Sustainable Development (CSD) and giving the Major Groups a formal role, further referencing paragraph 84 of the Rio+20 Outcome Document including the UNGA resolution, 67/290, establishing the HLPF legitimizing the Major Groups system, these terms of reference provide the criteria, mandate and functions of the OPs of the NGO Major Group. The OPs represent NGOs and collaborate and coordinate​directly with DESA/DSD as the designated secretariat for the SDGs/2030 Sustainable Development Agenda, and is hence the primary secretariat for the Major Groups.

At the UN Summit Sustainable Development Summit 2015, 25­27 September, governments adopted the Declaration, “Transforming Our World: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development,” on a “comprehensive, far­reaching and people­centred set of universal and transformative Goals and targets.”11 The outcome document affirms that the HLPF “will have the central role in overseeing follow­up and review at the global level.” Moreover, governments are encouraged to “conduct regular and inclusive reviews of progress at the national and sub­national levels,” to “draw on contributions from indigenous peoples, civil society, the private sector and other stakeholders, in line with national circumstances, policies and priorities.”

The role of the OPs will be facilitative and​representative. Given the number and diversity of NGOs that comprise this Major Group, OPs are expected to remain neutral, take a holistic approach by assisting and facilitating the participation of all NGOs within the NGO constituency. The role of the OPs entails assisting and facilitating participation of the NGO Major Group in the intergovernmental processes at the UN in a broad sense. Advocating for the active role of NGOs accredited to the HLPF is their overarching responsibility, as well as to protect and strengthen the space for civil society at the UN.

The NGO Major Group OP role includes a number of components, which are, inter alia, based on those outlined in the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs’ “Note on Major Groups Governance” (2013):

  1. Consultation with NGO Major Group
  2. Communication, outreach and advocacy
  3. Resource mobilization
  4. Liaison with the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, in particular its Division for Sustainable Development.
  • ​See​https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/content/documents/7891Transforming%20Our%20World.pdf
  1. Coordination and communication with other Major Group/Stakeholder Organizing Partners & Focal Points for the HLPF and other intergovernmental bodies.

The NGO Major Group OP role also includes identification of and reaching out to new member organizations within global and regional networks, and ensuring appropriate engagement at the global and regional levels.

  1. Functions and responsibilities

Organizing Partners, through the Facilitation Committee, perform and have the following functions and responsibilities:

  1. Consultation with NGO Major Group
  • Coordinate and facilitate the registration and participation of NGO representatives at the HLPF and other relevant UN sustainable development processes; be responsible for the selection of NGO speakers during the meetings.
  • Develop annual ‘roadmap’ that would provide strategic direction and technical guidance so NGOs will be able to maximize their preparation and participation in all UN sustainable development negotiations and processes;

(iii)Consult with global/regional/national NGO networks to prepare written inputs to the intergovernmental process in the form of position papers and priorities for action papers addressing the themes of sustainable development under discussion, including cross­sectoral themes that reflect views on progress made, outline obstacles and constraints to implementation, and identify emerging issues and new challenges;

(iv)Identify NGO expertise in the field of sustainable development and channel best practices, expert advice, and policy recommendations to relevant intergovernmental processes;

  • Ensure the provision of guidance for working structures, such as thematic clusters, task forces and working groups as necessary;

  1. Communication, outreach, advocacy
  • Provide regular updates and disseminate relevant information to the NGO Major Group;
  • Develop training programs so that NGOs will be able to maximize their understanding and presence at the HLPF and other intergovernmental processes designed to implement, monitor and review the 2030 Sustainable Development Agenda and follow up of the other Rio+20 outcomes;
  • Establish and maintain NGO Major Group website, Facebook, Twitter and other relevant social media platforms;

(ix)Produce an Annual Report of the activities of the NGO Major Group to be placed on the NGO Major Group website and disseminated to relevant UN agencies and all missions;

  • Invite NGO communication officers to help prepare and execute media strategies as necessary.
  1. Resource Mobilization

(xi)In partnership with DESA/DSD, and if appropriate with other major groups & stakeholders, raise funds for travel, capacity­building, communications, outreach and advocacy;

  • Ensure funding for the participation of selected of NGO speakers and participants that is inclusive, balanced, transparent and fair.

  1. Liaison with UN DESA/DSD
  • Liaise with UN Secretariat, in particular with Stakeholder Engagement Programme of DESA/DSD;
  • Uphold the code of conduct as stipulated by the UN and ensure NGO constituencies are aware of UN rules and procedures and protocols;
  • Engage with DESA/DSD on a continual basis on planning activities, requiring timely response to emails, outreach constituencies, active leadership in the production of reports and written documents and regular attendance and contribution to Major Groups OPs monthly meetings with DESA/DSD;
  • Make publicly available all reports submitted to DESA/DSD on the NGO MG & DSD websites. This should include the particulars of outreach to regional/national networks, communications, accountability practices, representation and decision­making processes;
  • Assist DESA/DSD with outreach through active use of the Sustainable Development Knowledge Platform, Facebook and Twitter channels when feasible.
  1. Coordination with other Organizing Partners of other Major Groups and Other Stakeholders

Maintain regular coordination with other OPs within Major Groups and Other Stakeholders, including through the development of joint work plans, as appropriate.


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Our Promise…Our Future…Our Continent

Introduction

The Sub-Regional Facilitators who form the  NGO Major Group for Africa  (NMGA)held a three day Strategy Meeting in Cairo, Egypt, from 19-21 March 2018. This was the first meeting for the newly elected NGO Major Group Sub-Regional Representatives, representing all the five Blocs of Africa (Eastern, Western, Northern, Southern and Central). It was also the first time that the NGO Major Group for Africa leadership was sitting to develop a forward looking strategy that will support Africa Civil Society engagement with the United Nations, Africa Union and other Development actors in realizing both Africa’s Agenda 2063 and the Agenda for Transformation by 2030, commonly known as the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) Agenda.

Context

The NGO Major Group for Africa recognizes the exciting opportunity provided by the two Development Agenda i.e. AU Agenda 2063 and the UN Agenda 2030, as well as the emerging development frameworks by other stakeholders. It also comes during a period when the Africa continent is committed to a Common and collective Trade Zone, as well as specific reforms of both the Africa Union (as proposed by The Kagame Report) and the United Nations (as outlined by the Secretary General).

In this regard, engagement with the UN and Africa Union is not only a necessity for Civil Society across Africa, but requires a forward looking strategy that goes beyond existing frameworks.

We have therefore resolved as follows:

  1. Scope of Engagement

The NGO Major Group for Africa will engage on all aspects of UN agenda that affect our development. This includes, but is not limited to General Assembly second and third committees (including SDG Agenda, Climate Change and Financing for Development), UN Agencies, as well as other Member State engagements that have a direct bearing on the continent. This is no way an expansion  of the scope of the NGO Major Group beyond that outlined in Section C Paragraph 42 to 55 the Rio+ 20 outcome document  “ The Future We Want”  read together with the UN General Assembly Resolution 67/290 paragraph 8c,13,14,15,16, 22 and 24.  Instead it is a recognition of the inter-linkages of sustainable development agenda and the realization that the United Nations does not engage in silos. This is in line with Principles outlined in The Future We Want Outcome Document of the Rio +20 Summit, which is the basis for the SDG Agenda.

We have also resolved that our Geographical scope will be directed by the quest for a United Africa as outlined by the Africa Union agenda 2063. In this regard, we have resolved that Northern Africa shall be part of the NGO Major Group for Africa, working in collaboration with the Major Group for Middle East and Northern Africa (MENA).

  1. Strategic Focus and Objectives

We will focus on the following Three Strategic Pillars:

  1. Institutional capacity and strengthening
  2. Programming and advocacy
  • Resourcing and sustainability

These pillars will be realized through the following objectives:

  1. To strengthen Africa CSOs voice and capacity to influence the sustainable development agenda.
  2. To build the institutional capacity of the NGO Major Group for Africa and its stakeholders.
  3. To support and influence the AU and UN reform agendas for inclusive and sustainable development.
  4. To promote engagement and establish linkages between African CSOs and various stakeholders for sustainable development.

  1. Structure and Governance

We have resolved the following:

3.1 . The Chair of the NGO Major Group for Africa will be Ayman Okeil, Executive Director for MAAT for Peace and Development and the Sub-Regional Facilitator for Northern Africa.

MrAyman Okeil (Northern Africa Regional Organizing Partner) shall serve for a period of one year effective 21st March, 2018. Thereafter the Executive Team has the option to either renew, or rotate the Chairmanship among the five representatives.

3.2. There shall be Four Leaders of each of the  Strategic Pillars as follows:

Judith Kaulem (Southern Africa Regional Organizing Partner) shall serve as  the Head of the Institutional Capacity and Strengthening pillar.

Henry Oriokot (Eastern Africa Regional Organizing Partner) shall serve as the Head of Programming and Advocacy pillar.

Kofi Kankam (Western Africa Regional Organizing Partner) shall serve as the Head of Resourcing and sustainability pillar.

Bernard Lutete (Central Africa Regional Organizing Partner) shall be identified with a department but in the interim will provide technical backstopping across the three pillars

  1. The UN NGO Major Group–AfricaSecretariat

We have agreed that:

4.1 The NGO Major Group- Africa Secretariat shall in the interim be hosted by Maat for Peace and Development, Cairo, Egypt.

4.2 Maat for Peace and Development has agreed and accepted to provide a fully functional secretariat for the UN NGO Major – Africa in the interim.

4.3 The Secretariat shall work in consultation with the functional Heads and approval from the Executive Committee on all matters of concern.

  1. Engagement of Wider Civil Society from across Africa

Each of the Sub-Regional Facilitators is responsible for Mobilization and ensuring engagement of  as many CSOs as possible from their Region. In this regard we will strive to have national representatives from as many countries as possible, and strive to ensure a wide engagement and collaboration with other CSO Coalitions, Networks, Organizations and all partners working on areas of interest to the NGO Major Group.

We shall also work to strengthen our collaboration and engagement with other NGO Major Groups around the world, as well as other UN Major Groups and Stakeholders in Africa.

  1. Meetings

All  meetings of the Sub-Regional Facilitators shall be held as need arises, but no later than at least once every three months. The Sub-Regional Facilitatorsshall have the responsibilities for fundraising to meet the costs of running the activities of the NGO Major Group for Africa including the physical meetings.

A full  Strategy Document will be made available by  the end of April  2018.

It shall be available on our new website:

https://www.ngomajorgroup.africa

Contact us:

  • NMGA Sub-Regional Representatives:

Ayman Okeil : [email protected], [email protected]

Judith Kaulem: [email protected]

Kofi Kankam: [email protected]

 Henry Oriokot :[email protected]

Bernard Lutete: [email protected]

  • NMGA Secretariat:

[email protected]